The efforts to breed improved forage cultivars have resulted in increased yield and quality which in turn lead to increased quality of meat, milk, and fiber products. Breeding forage crops is more difficult than breeding many other crops. Many forage species are cross-pollinated, self-sterile, with small floral parts, and some have poor seed yield, slow establishment rates, and low seedling vigor. The difficulties of forage breeding are best addressed by collaboration among varied disciplines. The process of forage breeding include determining goals for the new cultivar, studying the mode of pollination, using appropriate techniques, and many field evaluations to obtain certified seed in sufficient quantities to be economically viable.