Establishment

• Soil preparation
  • Issues related to minimum tillage and traditional use of herbicides.
• Lime and fertilizer
  • Soil testing and meeting nutrient requirements with organic materials.
• Species and cultivar selection
  • Matching with climate, soils, intended use, management.
  • Traditional plant breeding for pest resistance.
• Seeding rate, depth, date of seeding
  • Proper timing and planting methods to minimize seedling failures and provide feed at critical seasonal periods.
• Initial weed management and deferred grazing
  • Mechanical and biological options.

  Organic production system ESTABLISHMENT issues.