Recently governments in numerous countries have encouraged privatization and liberalization of seed marketing as a means of reducing the role of government in economic activity and as a solution to the under-performance of public sector seed supply. These changes have been accompanied by the promulgation of seed laws and statutory controls to regulate production, processing, and marketing activities to provide "consumer protection" to all participants in the industry. Such protection comes in the form of seed quality assurance procedures, seed certification schemes, testing of new cultivars, national lists of recommended cultivars, minimum requirements for product labeling, and freedom to import and export seeds under quarantine and customs controls.
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