Establishment of tall fescue stands and its re-establishment in renovated sods was covered very well in the earlier monograph on the species by Taylor et al. (1979) at a time when the effects of the Neotyphodium coenophialum endophyte were not recognized. There is no need to repeat here the contents of that chapter. Instead, we shall present the concerns and practices that apply in areas where the species has not been used in the past and consider the implications of the existence or absence of the endophyte on tall fescue stand establishment, renovation, or re-establishment.

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