Tall Fescue Online Monograph

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Glen E. AIKEN is Research Animal Scientist with the USDA-ARS Forage-Animal Production Research Unit in Lexington, KY. Prior to 2003, he was Research Agronomist at the USDA-ARS Dale Bumpers Small Farm Research Center in Booneville, AR. His grazing research is focused on developing animal and pasture management approaches to improve the efficiency of growth by beef cattle, with particular interest in developing technologies that can improve weight gain and health of beef calves grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures. 

Co-Authored:

Chapter 12 - Physiological Basis of Fescue Toxicosis

Stephen C. ALDERMAN has been Research Plant Pathologist with the USDA‑ARS National Forage Seed Production Research Center in Corvallis, OR since 1988. His research includes studies of the ecology, epidemiology, and control of diseases of grasses grown for seed. He received the B.S. in Agriculture (1978) and the M.S. in Plant Pathology (1980) from the University of Arizona, and the Ph.D. in Plant Pathology from Michigan State University (1984). He completed postdoctoral studies at North Carolina State University (1984‑1986) and the University of Georgia (1986‑1988).

Co-Authored:

Chapter 24 - Diseases in Seed Production

John G. ANDRAE is Assistant Professor in the Entomology, Soils and Plant Sciences Department at Clemson University. His extension (70%) and research (30%) efforts are focused upon the improvement of grazing management practices, incorporating legumes into grazing systems, and decreasing the impacts of tall fescue toxicosis through improved endophytes and management.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 15 - Measuring the endophyte - Plants, fields and farms

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Don BALL, Extension Forage Crop Agronomist at Auburn University since 1976, received a B.S. from Western Kentucky University and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Auburn University. He is co-author of Southern Forages, wrote the Practical Forage Concepts book, and is former President of the American Forage and Grassland Council. He is advisor to the Oregon Tall Fescue and the Oregon Clover Commissions. He is a Fellow of the American Society of Agronomy and the Crop Science Society of America, and was inducted into the WKU Hall of Distinguished Alumni in 2001.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 6 - Management to Optimize Performance in the Northern Hemisphere 

David J. BARKER is a graduate of Massey University, New Zealand (B. Ag. Sci., M. Ag. Sci.) and obtained a Ph.D. at the University of Nebraska. He is Associate Professor at The Ohio State University. His research has focused on the ecology of grasslands under stressed conditions such as low fertility, drought and frequent grazing, and the benefits of endophytes in these situations. He teaches four classes in the Department of Horticulture and Crop Science.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 15 - Measuring the endophyte - Plants, fields and farms

Gary BATES is Professor in the Plant Sciences Department, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. He conducts research and educational programs aimed at helping producers to be more efficient and sustainable in their forage programs. He has written numerous publications and actively serves the forage community through the American Forage and Grassland Council and its Tennessee Council.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 6 - Management to Optimize Performance in the Northern Hemisphere

David P. BELESKY is Research Program Leader since 2004 and Research Agronomist since 1988 at the Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, Beaver, WV. He received his B.S. (1973) and M.S. (1975) from Pennsylvania State University and Ph.D. from West Virginia University (1978). He gained research experience in forage-livestock mineral nutrition at Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland (1975) and in mechanisms of leaf physiology in endophyte-infected grasses at the University of Stirling, Scotland (1986). He began his USDA career at the Southern Piedmont Conservation Research Center, Watkinsville, GA in 1978. Current research addresses development of grass-legume and cool- and warm-season grass mixtures to extend the duration, nutritive value and distribution of pasture and silvipasture production.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 4 - Abiotic Stresses and Endophyte Effects 

Joseph H. BOUTON is Senior Vice President and Director of the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation's Forage Improvement Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, developing forage and bioenergy cultivars for the southern United States South. He is Professor Emeritus, University of Georgia. Dr. Bouton is best known for the release and commercialization of ‘Alfagraze' alfalfa, "MaxQ^®" tall fescue, and ‘Durana' and ‘Patriot' white clovers. His swidthgrass cultivars, Blade^TM EG1101 and EG1102, are currently under seed production for future release as biofuel crops.

Authored:

Chapter 20 - Deployment of Novel Endophytes in the Tall Fescue Commercial Seed Trade

Leah BRILMAN, Director of Research with Seed Research of Oregon, Corvallis, since the early 1990s, received her B.S. at California State, Bakersfield, and her M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Arizona. She developed ‘Velvet' and ‘Colonial' bentgrasses and has improved fine fescues.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 26 - Tall Fescue as Turf in the United States

Joseph C. BURNS was raised in southeastern Iowa on a beef cattle/hog farm. After serving in the U.S. Army as a Combat Engineer, he attended Iowa State University for a B.S. in Agronomy with an emphasis in range and turf management. He continued with a M.S. (1963) and a Ph.D. in Agronomy at Purdue University (1966) in biochemistry and ruminant nutrition. He has been a Plant Physiologist, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, NC since 1967 with professorial rank in the Departments of Crop Science and Animal Science, North Carolina State University.

Authored:

Chapter 11 - Nutritive Value

Lowell P. BUSH is Philip Morris Professor of Plant Biology in the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences at the University of Kentucky, Lexington. He received his B.A. degree in biology from Macalester College, St. Paul, MN and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in plant physiology from Iowa State University. His research program at the University of Kentucky is focused on alkaloid metabolism in tall fescue and tobacco.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 13 - Alkaloids

CAO Weixing, Vice President and Professor, Nanjing Agricultural University, China, obtained his B.S. and M.S. from Nanjing Agricultural University, and a Ph.D. in Crop Physiology and Ecology (1989) at Oregon State University. He was Research Scientist at the University of Wisconsin (1989-1994) before joining Nanjing Agricultural University where he has been Professor and Head of the Department of Agronomy and Dean of the College of Agriculture. His research fields include crop ecology, crop modeling, growth monitoring, and precision farming. He has received several Ministry of Education science and technology progress awards and published numerous refereed journal articles in Chinese and English and five books.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

David F. CHAPMAN, Professor of Pasture Science, Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, University of Melbourne, Australia, since 1996, received his B.Agric. Sci. Honours at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, and his Ph.D. from the University of Reading, U.K. He previously held research positions in AgResearch Grasslands, formerly DSIR Grasslands, New Zealand. He has done research and published extensively in pasture ecology and ecophysiology, grazing management, and forage systems analysis and development related to the pasture-based livestock industries of Australia and New Zealand.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

Michael J. CHRISTENSEN was born in Wellington, New Zealand in 1948. His education after high school has largely been hands-on within the research organizations, now AgResearch, in which he has worked and from which he retired in 2008. Some 38 years of research have transformed him into a mycologist with a passion for understanding the grass/endophyte symbiosis, particularly by using microscopy, and for keeping in touch with nature.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 14 - Tall Fescue -- Endophyte Symbiosis

Keith CLAY received his B.S. at Rutgers (1977) and his Ph.D. at Duke (1982). He is Professor of Biology at Indiana University. He began working on endophytes in the late 1970s at Duke (Atkinsonella hypoxylon infecting Danthonia grasses) and has continued since. He has over 80 publications on the ecology and evolution of endophyte interactions. His 1988 paper in Ecology is the most cited paper on endophytes.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 2 -Systematics and Morphology 

A. Morrie CRAIG received a B.S. in Mathematics (1965) and the Ph.D. in Biophysics (1970) from Oregon State University, and completed post‑doctoral fellowships at the California Institute of Technology (1971) and at the Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon (1972‑1974). He joined the College of Veterinary Medicine at Oregon State University in 1977 as a toxicologist. His research deals with the properties of anaerobic ruminal microbes to degrade plant toxins and the potential of ruminal microbes to remediate munitions and other contaminants without deleterious effects to ruminants.

Authored:

Chapter 18 - Toxic Effects of the Endophyte in Seed Straw

Kelly D. CRAVEN began investigating the biology of endophytic fungi at Arizona State University. He obtained his M.S. and Ph.D. in Plant Pathology from the University of Kentucky (2002) where he focused on the evolution of Epichloë and Neotyphodium fungal endophytes. He was a post-doctoral fellow at North Carolina State University to study pathogenicity and hyphal anastomosis in the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Alternaria brassicicola. He is Assistant Professor at the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation working on the creation of novel cool-season grass endophytes for forage improvement and the microbial biodiversity associated with the tall-grass prairie ecosystem. 

Co-Authored:

Chapter 2 - Systematics and Morphology

Dee L. CROSS received a B.S. from Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN in 1968 and the M.S. and Ph.D. (1973) from the University of Kentucky, Lexington. He joined the Clemson University faculty in 1973, retiring as Professor of Animal and Veterinary Sciences in 2004. He has 30 years of experience in teaching and research dealing with animal toxicology and pharmacology, with emphasis on the forages/livestock interface, and 10 years experience in the veterinary pharmaceutical industry. He is holder of nine patents and numerous publications. He is now President of Equi-Tox, a firm that deals in animal pharmacology.

Authored:

Chapter 17 - Toxic Effects of Endophyte in Horses

Christopher DALY, received the B.S. from the University of California (Atmospheric Sciences), the M.S. (Geography) at the University of Colorado, and the Ph.D. at Oregon State University (1994). A geospatial climatologist, he worked for Systems Applications International and for Oceanroutes, Inc., before joining the Department of Geosciences faculty at Oregon State University. He is the founder and director of the PRISM Group, dedicated to producing the highest-quality spatial climate data sets and analyses worldwide. He is associate director of the Northwest Alliance for Computational Science and Engineering, a multi-disciplinary team specializing in web-based access, visualization and usability of models and data sets.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

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F. F. Neil FANNIN is Senior Scientist in the Department of Plant and Soil Science at the University of Kentucky. He received a B.S. in chemistry and biology from Morehead State University, Morehead, KY and a Ph.D. in pharmacology from the University of Kentucky. His research interests focus on analytical biochemistry with emphasis on alkaloid isolation, metabolism and biosynthesis.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 13 - Alkaloids

Lester R. FLETCHER is a Senior Scientist in Pasture Agronomy at AgResearch Ltd., Lincoln, New Zealand. He has 41 years of research experience, the last 27 of those on the impact of endophytes on the health and production of animals in grazing systems. His research continues to focus on the grass/endophyte/grazing animal interface. He is responsible for safety testing all new grass/endophyte associations under grazing in New Zealand before their commercial release. He acts in an advisory role in the design and conduct of endophyte grazing experiments, both nationally and internationally.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 12 - Physiological Basis of Fescue Toxicosis

Henry A. FRIBOURG, Emeritus Professor of Crop Ecology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, received a B.S. from the University of Wisconsin, Madison (1949), a M.S. from Cornell University (1951), and earned the Ph.D. from Iowa State University (1954). He retired in 2001 after serving for over 46 years in forage research and teaching. He is the author of over 400 publications, including numerous refereed papers, several book chapters, and an autobiography.

Co-Authored:

Preface

Chapter 5 - Establishment and Renovation of Old Sods for Forage

Chapter 29 - The Future of Tall Fescue

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Michael D. HALBLEIB is GIS programmer and manager with the PRISM group at Oregon State University. He received a B.A. in Liberal Studies and a M.S. in Crop and Soil Science with minor in geography. He was employed by United Agra-Products in several capacities for ten years. He has worked with many of the crops in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, including tall fescue, orchardgrass, and ryegrass. He also has a commercial pilot's license and an on-going interest in human factors in aviation, having completed two years of study in that field.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

David B. HANNAWAY is Professor of Crop Science and Forage Program Director at Oregon State University. He joined the Crop Science Department in 1979 after obtaining a Ph.D. at the University of Kentucky, a M.S. at the University of Tennessee (1975), and a B.S. at the University of Delaware (1973). Research interests include GIS-based mapping of forage crop suitability. Primary extension activities involve developing the web-based Forage Information System. International activities have focused on applied research and education programs in China and southeast Asia.

Co-Authored:

Preface

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

Chapter 29 - The Future of Tall Fescue

James F. HENSON has been a Plant Physiologist with the USDA-NRCS National Plant Data Center, located at the Southern University in Baton Rouge, LA since 1996. He was stationed at the NRCS Plant Materials Center, Los Lunas, NM from 1990 to 1996. He is interested in plant information pertinent to soil and water conservation and integrating these data into databases which supply information to NRCS field offices. He obtained the B.S. from the University of Missouri and a M.S. and Ph.D. from North Dakota State University.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 27 - NRCS Plant Information and Conservation Practice Standards

Nicholas S. HILL has a Ph.D. from Kansas State University and is Professor of Crop Physiology and Management in the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences at the University of Georgia, Athens. His research has focused on plant fitness components in mutualistic associations between endophytic fungi and cool season pasture grasses, to establish robust, sensitive, and rapid immunological detection systems for identification of endophytes and quantification of the toxins. He teaches an introductory course in Crop Science.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 15 - Measuring the endophyte - Plants, fields and farms

Andrew A. HOPKINS is Associate Professor in the Forage Improvement Division of The Noble Foundation. He received his B.S. degree in Agronomy from the University of Missouri, Columbia (1987) and his M.S. (1989) and Ph.D. (1993) degrees in Agronomy from the University of Nebraska. After a post-doctorate in swidthgrass breeding and genetics at Oklahoma State University, he joined the Noble Foundation in 1997. His research focuses on developing improved cultivars of cool season perennial grasses for the southern Great Plains.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 19 - Breeding, Genetics and Cultivars

Chapter 21 - Genomic Tools for Improvement

Chapter 22 - Transgenesis

Carl S. HOVELAND, a Wisconsin dairy farm native, obtained a Ph.D. at the University of Florida. He worked in forage management research and teaching for over 50 years in Texas, Alabama, and Georgia. Cooperative research with associates resulted in the release of the first non‑toxic endophyte tall fescue and white clovers persistent in southern pastures. He co‑authored the Southern Forages book, the most commonly used forage book in the United States, which has been translated into several languages.

Authored:

Chapter 1 - Origin and History

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Daniel JAMES completed in 2007 a B.S. in Animal Sciences with focus on nutrition at Oregon State University. His interest in forage production was sparked by his teacher David B. Hannaway who subsequently hired him to assist with his duties as the forage program director. He is currently pursuing a Master's of Ag. Education.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

Stephen W. JOHNSON is President of Peak Plant Genetics, LLC in Corvallis, Oregon. Over the past 19 years he has developed over 100 grass and legume varieties. He received a B.A. degree in Biology from Carleton College in 1985 and the M.S. in Botany from Iowa State University in 1988. In addition to his plant breeding work he regularly gives lectures on variety development and seed production.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

Richard E. JOOST is Professor of Crop Science at the University of Tennessee at Martin. He received a B.S. in Botany at Eastern Illinois University, a M.S. in Plant and Soil Science in surface mine reclamation at Southern Illinois University, and a Ph.D. in Agronomy at the University of Georgia. He has past experience in university research at Louisiana State University, was in extension and research at the University of Missouri, and spent some time in the fertilizer industry. He currently teaches six undergraduate and two graduate courses in crop science each year, and conducts research in the production ecology of forage and row crops.

Authored:

Chapter 28 - Conservation: Erosion Control, Soil Management, Remediation, and Wildlife Habitat

Garry D. LACEFIELD is Extension Forage Specialist with the University of Kentucky. He received his B.S. and M.S. at Western Kentucky University and the Ph.D. from the University of Missouri. His emphasis is on establishment and management of cool-season grasses and legumes.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 6 - Management to Optimize Performance in the Northern Hemisphere 

Garrick C. M. LATCH gained a M. Agr. Sci. degree at Massey Agricultural College, New Zealand and completed a Ph.D. in plant pathology at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He worked for most of his career as a forage plant pathologist for the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) in New Zealand. His main interests were fungal diseases of grasses and clovers and fungi which attacked pasture insects. His interests led to research on endophytes of grasses in the latter part of his career. When the DSIR was disbanded he joined AgResearch. He is now retired.

Authored:

Chapter 8 - Diseases and Endophytes

LI Xianglin, Grassland Ecology Group Leader, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences since 1996, received a B.S. (1982) and M.S. (1985) in Grassland Science at Gansu Agricultural University. After research and extension at the Gansu Grassland Ecology Research Institute, Lanzhou (1985 to 1993) and at the Yunnan-Guizhou Pasture Research Station, he completed his Ph.D. study in Agroecology (1996) at Lanzhou University. He is lead scientist for nation-wide projects on grassland improvement and management, the primary Chinese scientist for the joint Oregon State University - Oregon Seed Council research and training projects in China, and the Vice-President of the China Grassland Society. He has authored over 90 peer-reviewed articles and several books.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

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Gavin MILNE was educated at Massey University, New Zealand. He is currently employed by Agricom (New Zealand) Ltd. and is interested in forage crops and their utilization.  He has been involved in developing the understanding and use of tall fescue on farms in New Zealand, Australia, USA, and South America for 20 years.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 5 - Establishment and Renovation of Old Sods for Forage - 

Authored:

Chapter 7 - Management in New Zealand, Australia and South America

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Cynthia M. OCAMB is Associate Professor in the Department of Botany and Plant Pathology at Oregon State University. Her responsibilities encompass diseases of field and vegetable crops. She received a Ph.D. in Plant Pathology from the University of Minnesota and a M.S. from North Carolina State University. Prior to joining OSU in 1997, she was a Research Plant Pathologist with USDA Forest Service at the North Central Forest Experiment Station, St. Paul, MN.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 24 - Diseases in Seed Production

Jack W. OLIVER, Professor of Veterinary Pharmacology and Endocrinology at the University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, was one of the founding faculty members of the College in 1975 after teaching/research appointments at Purdue University (1969/70), Texas A&M University (1970/71) and The Ohio State University (1972/1975). He has Animal Science B.S. and M.S. degrees, and D.V.M. and Ph.D. (Veterinary Physiology) degrees from Purdue University. Dr. Oliver was responsible for the instruction of professional veterinary students in pharmacology (1975 thru 2005). He founded the Clinical Endocrinology Diagnostic Service in 1978, continues to serve as the Director of this hormone diagnostic service for animals, and was involved for many years with the tall fescue research program at the University of Tennessee.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 12 - Physiological Basis of Fescue Toxicosis

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William PFENDER is Research Plant Pathologist with the USDA Agricultural Research Service in Corvallis, OR. He obtained a Ph.D. in Plant Pathology from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and the M.S. from the University of Arizona. His expertise is the ecology of plant pathogens and epidemiology of plant diseases. Since 1997, his research has been epidemiology and management of stem rust in grasses grown for seed and of orchardgrass choke disease.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 24 - Diseases in Seed Production

Alison J. POPAY received her B.Sc. (Honors) from Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, and her Ph.D. from the University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand. She is a scientist specializing in ecology and entomology with AgResearch, New Zealand. She is interested in all aspects of insect-plant interactions and particularly those involving fungal endophytes of grasses.

Authored:

Chapter 9 - Diseases and Endophytes

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Craig A. ROBERTS is Professor of Agronomy and State Forage Extension Specialist at the University of Missouri. His undergraduate degrees are from Florida College and the University of North Alabama, and his graduate degrees from the University of Arkansas. He holds a Ph.D. in Agronomy with a minor in Biochemistry. He conducts research in forage quality with specializations in near-infrared spectroscopy and fescue toxicosis. He maintains statewide educational programs in fescue toxicosis and grazing systems. Currently he serves as Editor-in-Chief of Crop Science Society of America publications.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 6 - Management to Optimize Performance in the Northern Hemisphere

M. Philip ROLSTON is a Seed Production Researcher with AgResearch in Lincoln, New Zealand since 1979. His research includes agronomic studies on ryegrass and tall fescue seed crops including nutrient responses, weed and disease control, plant growth regulator responses, harvest management and endophyte transmission. He co-teaches Seed Technology at Lincoln University and is vice president of the International Herbage Seed Group. He received his B. Agr. Sci. and M. Agr. Sci. from Massey University, New Zealand, and his Ph.D. (1979) from Oregon State University.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 23 - Seed Production

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John M. ("Marc") SAFLEY, former Senior Ecologist and Deputy Director of the Ecological Sciences Division (ECS) of NRCS, retired in February 2008. He had held several positions during his career in NRCS, including Acting Director and Assistant Director of ECS, natural resource data base manager, environmental specialist, program analyst, and resource conservationist. He is a native of Tennessee, earned a B.A. (General Biology, 1968) at Vanderbilt University, and holds an M.S. (Botany, 1970) and Ph.D. (Plant and Soil Sciences, 1974) from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. He has authored journal articles, book chapters, general publications, policy analyses, and environmental assessments and impact statements, served on several USDA and NRCS task forces, and participated in assignments in Central Europe, India, South Africa, and Japan.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 27 - NRCS Plant Information and Conservation Practice Standards

Malay C. SAHA is Associate Professor in the Forage Improvement Division of The Noble Foundation. His research goals are to develop and use molecular tools for the genetic improvement of cool-season perennial forage grasses, especially tall fescue. He received his Ph.D. from North Dakota State University in 2002. He has developed a comprehensive marker system for forage grass species and published the first PCR-based high density genetic linkage maps of tall fescue.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 19 - Breeding, Genetics and Cultivars

Chapter 21 - Genomic Tools for Improvement

Chapter 22 - Transgenesis

Thomas J. SAMPLES, Professor and Turfgrass Management Extension Specialist in the Plant Sciences Department of the University of Tennessee,  Knoxville, received his Ph.D. in Turfgrass Science from Oklahoma State University (1985). His primary interest is the management of turfgrasses exposed to environmental stresses. He has written many publications regarding the selection, establishment, maintenance and renovation of turfgrasses and is very active in the development of educational programs to help advance the turfgrass industry and improve the quality of turfs in the U.S. Southeast.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 26 - Tall Fescue as Turf in the United States

Christopher L. SCHARDL, H.E. Wheeler Chair in Plant Mycology, University of Kentucky, is Director of the University of Kentucky Advanced Genetic Technologies Center. He obtained the B.S. from Cornell University (1978) and the Ph.D. at the University of California, Davis (1983). He was a DeKalb Postdoctoral Fellow at the Cytogenetics Department, Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge, England (1983‑1985) and joined the University of Kentucky in 1985.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 2 - Systematics and Morphology

SHEN Jinbo is Research Assistant in the College of Chemistry and Life Science at Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China. He completed a B.S. in Biology (2005) at the Zhejiang Normal University, and the M.S. with Distinction in Plant Science (2007) under the guidance of Professor Lu Hongfei. His current program is determining optimal seeding times for forages using germination studies and spatial climate analysis in GIS system. He anticipates completing requirements for a Ph.D. in 2008.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

SHI Xue-Zheng has been a Research Pedologist with the Department of Soil Resources and Remote Sensing Applications, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China since 1990, and is now Professor and Director of the Department. His research includes studies of soil mapping, soil database development, soil resources, and soil erosion and conservation. He received a B.S. in Geology from Zhejiang University (1982), a M.S. in Soil Science from the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing (1985), and a Ph.D. in Soil Science from Justus-Liebig University, Germany (1989).

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

John C. SOROCHAN received his Ph.D. in Turfgrass Science from Michigan State University (2002) and is now Associate Professor of Turfgrass Science and Management in the Plant Sciences Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. He is responsible for undergraduate and graduate academic turf programs, teaches turfgrass management, turfgrass root-zone management and construction, and advises all turfgrass science and management students. His research interests include golf, athletic fields, residential, commercial and municipal turf applications, sustainable turf management and turfgrass stress biology.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 26 - Tall Fescue as Turf in the United States

Donald E. SPIERS obtained a B.S. in biology and M.S. in zoology from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and a Ph.D. in physiology from Michigan State University. He was a postdoctoral fellow with Dr. Fregly at the University of Florida, following which he was an associate fellow at the John B. Pierce Foundation in New Haven, CT and an assistant professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at Yale University. In 1991, he joined the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Missouri. His research is in the study of animal response to thermal stress.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 12 - Physiological Basis of Fescue Toxicosis

John C. STIER obtained a Ph.D. from Michigan State University (1997) with a major in Crop and Soil Sciences and specialization in turfgrass physiology. He is Professor of Environmental Turfgrass Science in, and Chair of, the Department of Horticulture at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He teaches two courses in turfgrass science and conducts extension programming for the turf industry. His research focuses on turfgrass ecology. He has developed Integrated Pest Management programs for K-12 schools.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 26 - Tall Fescue as Turf in the United States

Tony STRATTON is a Business Manager for AgResearch (USA) Ltd., located in Asheville, NC. He is a specialist in forage products development, commercialization, project management, tall fescue, and the endophyte.

Authored:

Chapter 25 - Seed Marketing -

James R. STRICKLAND, Research Leader, USDA/ARS Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY since April, 2003, obtained a B.S. in Animal Science (1987) at Southwest Missouri State University, Springfield, and the M.S. (1990) and Ph.D. (1992) in Nutrition, Clemson University, SC. After postdoctoral work in toxicology at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (1992-1995), he was Assistant and Associate Professor, Nutritional Toxicology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces (1995-2003) during which time he also served a stint as the Program Director (2002-2003) of the Building Minority Cancer Research Capacity Program. In his research on toxicokinetics/toxicodynamics of plant induced toxicoses in forage-animals, he has worked with domperidone treatments, and on elimination routes and differential toxicity of lysergic acid and ergovaline in equine and bovine fescue toxicosis.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 12 - Physiological Basis of Fescue Toxicosis

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Patricia TIMPER is a Research Plant Pathologist, USDA Agricultural Research Service at Tifton, GA. She obtained her Ph.D. in Entomology at the University of California, Davis. She is working on the management of nematodes on agronomic and forage crops using a combination of host-plant resistance, biological control and crop rotation.

Authored:

Chapter 10 - Nematodes

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Christine VOISEY is a Senior Scientist at Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand. She has worked as a plant molecular biologist for 17 years, the last seven on molecular interactions between Epichloë and Neotyphodium endophytes of grasses. Recent highlights include a ryegrass/Neotyphodium Affymetrix Genechip to assay changes in gene expression after mutations in the fungal cAMP signaling cascade. Her most recent publication, with Mike Christensen, describes the first example of intercalary growth in vegetative fungal hyphae during growth in the expansion zone of perennial ryegrass leaves.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 14 - Tall Fescue -- Endophyte Symbiosis

Jeffrey J. VOLENEC is Professor of Crop Physiology and assistant head of the Department of Agronomy, Purdue University. His responsibilities include research, teaching, and outreach in forage physiology and management. His research focuses on identifying and characterizing traits, genes, and gene products that impact growth and abiotic stress tolerance of forages. He has published widely on the role of C and N reserves on abiotic stress tolerance of forages and contributed chapters to several books on forage management and physiology. He teaches two advanced courses to seniors and graduate students.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

John C. WALLER, born in Blakely, GA on a mixed livestock and crop farm, earned degrees in Animal Science: B.S. from the University of Florida, and M.S. and Ph.D. from the University of Nebraska. He was a Beef Feedlot Extension Specialist at Michigan State University (1978-84) before joining the University of Tennessee faculty. His research is in beef cattle nutrition and management with emphasis on improving the efficiency of beef production with forage systems based on tall fescue. He teaches courses in Animal Nutrition and Production Systems, Beef Cattle Production and Management, Nutrient Evaluation and Ration Formulation, and Ruminant Nutrition. He is the animal scientist on the team-taught multi-university, multi-discipline traveling graduate course entitled Ecology of Grazing Lands Systems.

Authored:

Chapter 16 - Endophyte Effects on Cattle

WANG Zeng-yu, Associate Professor, has been in the Forage Improvement Division at the Noble Foundation since 1998. He leads the tissue culture and genetic transformation program, working on the generation of novel germplasm by direct introduction of agronomic genes into important forage crops. He received his Ph.D. (1990) in agronomy from Beijing Agricultural University (now China Agricultural University), China. He completed a 5-year postdoctoral appointment at the Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland in 1995, and then served as a Public Service Officer in research for three years at the Plant Biotechnology Center, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 19 - Breeding, Genetics and Cultivars

Chapter 21 - Genomic Tools for Improvement

Chapter 22 - Transgenesis

Charles P. WEST obtained a B.S. (1974) in Agronomy at the University of Minnesota and then served for two years with the Peace Corps in Morocco working on forage for dairy herds. His M.S. at the University of Minnesota (1978) was followed by a Ph.D. in Agronomy from Iowa State University (1981). He was a Post-doctoral Associate (1982-1983) at Ruakura Agricultural Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand, working on the nitrogen dynamics of grass/clover pasture. He has been a Crop Physiologist at the University of Arkansas since 1984, teaching and doing research in pasture management and physiology. In 2005 he was a Fulbright Scholar with the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Montpellier, France working on drought response in summer-dormant tall fescue.

Co-Authored:

Preface

Chapter 3 - Development of Suitability Maps with  Examples for the United States and China

Chapter 4 - Abiotic Stresses and Endophyte Effects

Chapter 29 - The Future of Tall Fescue

A -- B -- C -- D -- F -- H -- J -- L -- M -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W -- Y

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William C. YOUNG, III is Extension Seed Production Specialist at Oregon State University. He joined the Department of Crop Science in 1978, and the Extension faculty in 1989 following completion of his Ph.D. He provides statewide leadership for production and management of grass and forage seed crops, development of educational programs, and assisting Extension agents in planning, establishing and evaluating demonstration trials and adaptive research studies. Recent research includes defining optimum nitrogen fertilizer practices for grass species and annual ryegrass seed production systems in the Willamette Valley.

Co-Authored:

Chapter 23 - Seed Production

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Table of Contents

Tall Fescue Monograph