Table 19-3. Year of release, releasing agency, and intended use for tall fescue cultivars known to be approved for certification as of February 2005.
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - V - W - Y - Z
Cultivar |
Year of release |
Releasing organization |
Primary intended use |
Second Millennium
|
|
|
T† |
1991 |
Agriculture Canada |
F |
|
Adams Valley |
|
|
|
Adela‡ |
|
|
F |
Adobe‡ |
|
|
T |
Advance‡ (a.k.a. Grasslands Advance) |
|
|
F |
Adventure‡ |
1982 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Adventure II‡ |
|
|
T |
Airlie |
|
|
T |
Alamo |
|
|
T |
Alamo E |
1998 |
Medalist America |
T |
Albena‡ |
|
|
|
Alin‡ |
|
|
F |
Alta‡ |
1940 |
Oregon AES§, USDA-ARS |
F, T |
Amalia‡ |
|
|
T |
Amelie‡ |
|
|
F |
Amigo |
1989 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Anthem |
1991 |
Turf Merchants |
T |
Anthem II |
|
|
T |
Apache‡ |
1983 |
Turf-Seed |
T |
Apache II‡ |
1993 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Apache III |
|
|
T |
Aquara |
1990 |
O.M. Scott & Sons |
T |
Arabia‡ |
1998 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
Araucauna‡ |
|
|
|
Ariane‡ |
|
|
F |
Arid‡ |
1986 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
Arid II |
1998 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
Arid 3‡ |
1998 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
Arminda‡ |
|
|
T |
Arizona |
|
|
|
Arriba |
|
|
T |
Arpa‡ |
|
|
F |
Asterix‡ |
|
|
T |
Astrid‡ |
|
|
F |
Astro 2000 |
|
|
T |
Atlas |
|
|
F |
AU Triumph‡ |
1981 |
Alabama AES |
F |
Austin |
1990 |
Barunbrug/Normarc |
T |
Avalon‡ |
|
|
T |
Avanti |
|
|
T |
Avenger |
|
|
T |
Axiom |
|
|
T |
Aztec |
1990 |
KWS-AG |
T |
Aztec II |
|
|
T |
Axteca‡ |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
F |
|
Baltika‡ |
|
|
F |
Bandana |
1997 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Baradiso‡ |
|
|
F |
Barbizon‡ |
|
|
F, T |
Barcarella‡ |
|
|
F |
Barcel‡ |
|
Barenbrug |
F |
Barcelina‡ |
|
|
|
Bardoux‡ |
|
|
F, T |
Barexas II |
|
|
T |
Barfelix‡ |
|
|
T |
Bariane‡ |
|
|
F |
Barleduc |
|
|
T |
Barleroy‡ |
|
|
T |
Barlexas |
|
|
T |
Barlexas II‡ |
2004 |
Barenbrug |
T |
Barnone‡ |
|
Barenbrug |
T |
Barolex‡ |
|
|
F |
Barrera |
2000 |
Barenbrug |
T |
Barreta |
|
|
|
Barrington |
2004 |
Barenbrug |
T |
Bartucca‡ |
|
|
F |
Barvetia |
1986 |
Barenbrug |
F |
Beagle 1‡ |
|
|
T |
Belfine‡ |
|
|
F |
Biltmore |
|
|
T |
Bingo‡ |
|
|
T |
Blackwatch |
|
|
T |
Blade Runner |
|
|
T |
Bonanza‡ (a.k.a.Darcy) |
1985 |
Turf-Seed |
T |
Bonanza II |
|
|
T |
Bonnet‡ |
|
|
T |
Bonsai‡ |
|
|
T |
Bonsai E |
1989 |
KWS-AG |
T |
Bonsai Plus |
1992 |
KWS-AG |
T |
Bonsai 2000‡ |
|
|
T |
Borneo‡ |
|
|
T |
Boschhoek‡ |
|
|
F |
Brandy |
1998 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
Bravo‡ |
|
|
T |
Brio‡ |
|
|
|
Briss‡ |
|
|
F |
Brookston |
|
|
T |
Bull |
|
|
F |
Bulldawg |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
1987 |
Auburn Univ., International Seeds |
F |
|
Cajun 2 |
2000 |
Cebeco International Seeds |
F |
Camarillo |
|
|
T |
Cambridge |
|
|
|
Carefree |
1988 |
Mid Valley Agricultural Products |
F |
Carmine‡ |
|
|
F |
Carol‡ |
|
|
T |
Cattle Club |
|
|
F |
Cavalcade |
|
|
T |
Cayenne |
2004 |
Pickseed West |
T |
Celone‡ |
|
|
F |
Centurion‡ |
|
|
|
Chailey‡ |
|
|
F |
Chapel Hill |
2000 |
Pratum Co-op Warehouse |
T |
Chesapeake |
1985 |
O.M. Scott & Sons |
T |
Chieftain‡ |
1988 |
Roberts Seed |
T |
Chieftain II |
|
|
T |
Cigale‡ |
|
|
F |
Cimarron‡ |
|
|
T |
Clemfine‡ |
1982 |
Lofts Seed |
T |
Cochise‡ |
|
|
T |
Cochise II |
|
|
T |
Cochise III‡ |
|
|
T |
Comstock |
2000 |
Smith Seed Services |
T |
Conestoga |
|
|
|
Constitution |
|
|
T |
Coronado‡ |
1993 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Coronado Gold‡ |
1997 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Cortez‡ |
|
|
T |
Courtenay‡ |
1987 |
S.G. Bonin |
F |
Covenant |
|
|
T |
Coyote‡ |
|
|
T |
Crewcut |
2002 |
Seed Research of Oregon |
T |
Crewcut II‡ |
|
|
T |
Crossfire‡ |
1989 |
Pickseed West |
T |
Crossfire II |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
T |
|
Dauphine‡ |
|
|
F |
DaVinci |
|
|
T |
Daytona |
2002 |
McCarthy Research Farm |
T |
Debussy 1‡ |
|
|
T |
Debutante |
|
|
T |
Demeter‡ |
1965 |
|
F |
Denise‡ |
|
|
|
DeSoto |
1994 |
Mississippi Ag. and Forestry Exp. Stn. |
F |
Divyna‡ |
|
|
T |
DLF 9178 |
|
|
T |
Dominion |
|
|
T |
Dovey‡ |
|
Plant Breeding International |
F |
Duke‡ |
1988 |
Cascade International Seeds |
T |
Dulcia‡ |
|
|
F |
Durana |
2002 |
McCarthy Research Farm |
T |
Durango |
|
|
T |
Duster |
|
|
T |
Dynamic |
|
|
T |
Dynasty |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
2004 |
Mountain View Seeds, Cascade Int. Seeds |
T |
|
EA 163 |
2004 |
Forbes Seed and Grain, Cascade Int. Seeds |
T |
Earthsave |
|
KWS-AG |
T |
Eldorado‡ |
1989 |
Turf-Seed |
T |
Elegance‡ |
|
|
T |
Elfina‡ |
|
|
F |
Elisa‡ |
|
|
T |
Emeraude‡ |
|
|
F |
Emperor‡ |
|
Zajac Performance Seeds |
T |
Empress‡ |
|
|
T |
Endeavor‡ |
1999 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Endure |
2001 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Enforcer‡ |
|
|
F |
Enhance |
2004 |
FFR |
F |
Epagri 312 (a.k.a. Lages)‡ |
|
|
|
Equinox |
|
|
T |
Era |
1990 |
International Seeds |
T |
Erika‡ |
|
|
F, T |
Estanzuela Tacuabe‡ |
|
|
F |
Excalibur‡ |
|
|
T |
Exella‡ |
|
|
F |
Expedition |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
1980 |
E.F. Burlingham and Sons |
T |
|
Falcon II‡ |
1992 |
McCarthy-Burlingham Research |
T |
Falcon III |
2002 |
McCarthy Research Farm |
T |
Fawn‡ |
1964 |
Oregon AES |
F |
Feline‡ |
|
|
F |
Festival |
2001 |
FFR |
F |
Festorina‡ |
1990 |
D.J. Van der Have |
F |
Fidelity |
|
|
T |
Finelawn 1‡ |
1981 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Finelawn 5GL‡ |
1987 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Finelawn 5LZ |
|
|
T |
Finelawn 88 |
1992 |
Willamette Valley Plant Breeders |
T |
Finelawn Elite |
|
|
T |
Finelawn Petite |
|
Innovative Turf Research |
T |
Finesse |
|
|
T |
Finesse II |
|
|
T |
Firaces‡ |
|
|
T |
Firebird |
|
|
T |
Five Point |
|
|
T |
Flecha‡ (a.k.a. Grasslands Flecha) |
|
|
F |
Flexible FCAR‡ |
|
|
F |
Flexy‡ |
|
|
F |
Florine‡ |
|
|
F |
Focus |
|
|
T |
Forager‡ |
1979 |
FFR |
F |
Forte |
|
|
T |
Fuego‡ |
1990 |
D.J. Van der Have |
F |
Back to Top | |||
1990 |
International Seeds |
T |
|
Galway‡ |
|
|
T |
Gardian‡ |
|
|
F |
Gazelle‡ |
|
|
T |
Genesis |
|
|
T |
Georgia 5 |
1992 |
University of Georgia, USDA-SCS |
F, T |
Goar |
1946 |
USDA-SCS |
F |
Good-EN |
2000 |
Western Productions |
T |
GQ |
1992 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
Grande‡ |
|
|
T |
Grande II |
|
|
T |
Greendwarf‡ |
|
|
T |
Greenkeeper- WAF |
|
|
T |
Gremlin |
|
|
T |
Greystone |
|
|
T |
Guardian‡ |
1989 |
Pickseed West |
T |
Guardian 21 |
|
|
T |
Guisane‡ |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
2000 |
Plainview Seed |
T |
|
Heritage |
|
|
T |
Hilltop |
|
|
T |
Hokuryo‡ |
|
|
F |
Homestead |
|
|
|
Hotspur‡ (a.k.a. OnCue) |
|
|
T |
Houndog‡ |
1982 |
International Seeds |
T |
Houndog 5‡ |
|
|
T |
Hubbard 87 |
1989 |
Hubbard Seed and Supply |
T |
Hykor‡ |
|
|
F |
H6 |
2002 |
Cebeco International Seeds |
T |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
F |
|
Inferno |
2004 |
Jacklin Seed Co. |
T |
Insignia |
2004 |
Mountain View Seeds, Cascade Int. Seeds |
T |
ITR90-2 |
1990 |
Innovative Turf Research |
T |
Back to Top | |||
1983 |
Garfield Williamson |
T |
|
Jaguar 3‡ |
1992 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Jaguar II‡ |
|
Zajac Performance Seeds |
T |
Jenna‡ |
|
|
F |
Jesup |
1995 |
Georgia AES |
F, T |
Johnstone‡ |
|
Kentucky AES, USDA-ARS |
F |
Jordane‡ |
|
|
F |
JT-2 |
|
|
T |
JT-3‡ |
|
|
T |
JT-4 |
|
|
T |
Jubilee |
|
|
T |
Justice |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
T |
|
K-19‡ |
|
|
|
K-20‡ |
|
|
|
Karolina‡ |
|
|
F |
Kasba‡ |
|
|
F |
Kentucky 31 (a.k.a. K-31) ‡ |
1943 |
Kentucky AES |
F, T |
Kenhy |
|
Kentucky AES, USDA-ARS |
F |
Keszthelyi 50‡ |
|
|
F |
Kilimanjaro‡ |
|
|
T |
Kitty Hawk |
|
|
T |
Kitty Hawk SST |
2000 |
Smith Seed Services |
T |
Kokanee‡ |
|
|
F |
Kontiki‡ |
|
|
T |
Kora‡ |
|
|
F |
Kord‡ |
|
|
F |
Koreta‡ |
|
|
T |
Korina‡ |
|
|
T |
Krasnodarskaya 36‡ |
|
|
F |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
T |
|
Lancer |
1991 |
Pickseed |
T |
Lancer-E |
|
|
T |
Lara‡ |
|
|
F |
Laramie |
2002 |
McCarthy Research Farm |
T |
Lekora‡ |
|
|
F |
Leopard |
|
|
T |
Leprechaum‡ |
|
|
T |
Leprechaun‡ |
1990 |
Pickseed West |
T |
Lesana‡ |
|
|
T |
Lexington |
|
|
T |
Lexus |
1993 |
Barenbrug |
T |
Lion |
2001 |
Cascade International Seed |
T |
Lira‡ |
|
|
F |
Losinka‡ |
|
|
F |
Lubrette‡ |
|
|
F |
Lucky Selen‡ |
|
|
T |
Ludion‡ |
|
|
F |
Lunibelle‡ |
|
|
F |
Lutine‡ |
|
|
F |
Back to Top | |||
2004 |
Forbes Seed and Grain, Cascade Int. Seeds |
T |
|
MA 158 |
2004 |
DLF Int. Seed, Cascade Int. Seeds |
T |
Madra‡ |
|
|
T |
Magellan |
|
|
T |
Magno‡ |
|
|
F |
Malik‡ |
|
|
F |
Marksman‡ |
1992 |
McCarthy-Burlingham Research |
T |
Martin‡ |
1986 |
University of Missouri |
F |
Martin 2‡ |
2000 |
Cebeco International Seeds |
F |
Masterpiece‡ |
1998 |
Lebanon Seaboard |
T |
Matador‡ (a.k.a. Farandole) |
1996 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Maverick II‡ |
|
|
T |
Maximize‡ |
1988 |
Pure Seed Testing |
F |
MB 29 |
|
|
T |
MB 215 |
|
|
T |
Meandre‡ |
|
|
T |
Merida‡` |
|
|
|
Merlin Gold‡ |
|
|
T |
Mesa‡ |
1987 |
Jacklin Seed, Johnathan Green and Sons |
T |
Metsova‡ |
|
|
F |
MI3 |
|
|
|
MIC 18 |
|
|
T |
Micro |
|
|
T |
Millennium‡ |
1998 |
Turf Merchants |
T |
Mini-Mustang |
1990 |
Pickseed West |
T |
Minx |
|
|
T |
Mirage |
|
|
T |
Miro‡ |
|
|
T |
Miss Ketty‡ |
|
|
T |
Missouri-96 |
1978 |
Missouri AES |
F |
Mojave |
1985 |
Mid Valley Ag. Products |
T |
Molva‡ |
|
|
F |
Monarch |
1987 |
Turf-Seed |
T |
Montauk‡ |
1988 |
Dr. Kevin McVeigh |
T |
Montebello‡ |
|
|
F |
Montserrat‡ |
2003 |
Pickseed West |
T |
Morgan |
|
|
|
Mozark |
1987 |
University of Missouri |
F |
Murietta‡ |
|
Turf-Seed |
T |
Mustang‡ |
1982 |
Pickseed West |
T |
Mustang II‡ |
|
|
T |
Mustang 3‡ |
|
|
T |
Mylena‡ |
|
|
F |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
T |
|
Nanryo‡ |
|
|
F |
Nestorix‡ |
|
|
T |
Ninja‡ |
|
|
T |
Ninja II‡ |
|
|
T |
Nobel‡ |
|
|
F |
Noria‡ |
|
|
F |
Nuicro |
1992 |
KWS-AG |
T |
Back to Top | |||
1992 |
Jacklin Seed, Outdoor Equipment |
T |
|
Odys‡ |
|
|
F |
OFI-FWY |
|
|
T |
Olga‡ |
|
|
T |
Olympic‡ |
1981 |
Turf-Seed |
T |
Olympic II |
1990 |
Turf-Seed |
T |
Olympic Gold‡ |
1999 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Onyx |
2001 |
Cascade International Seed |
T |
Back to Top | |||
1987 |
International Seeds |
T |
|
Padre |
|
|
T |
Palenque Plus INTA‡ |
|
|
F |
Palisades |
|
|
T |
Pedestal |
2000 |
Pratum Co-op Warehouse |
T |
Pedastal II |
|
|
T |
Palma‡ |
|
|
F |
Panalex‡ |
|
|
F |
Pandur‡ |
|
|
F |
Parnas‡ |
|
|
F |
Pastelle‡ |
|
|
F |
Penna‡ |
|
|
F |
Penngrazer |
1985 |
FFR |
F |
Phoenix |
1990 |
Barenbrug |
T |
Phyter |
1986 |
FFR |
F |
Picasso |
2000 |
Lebanon Seaboard |
T |
Pixie‡ |
1993 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
Pixie-E |
|
|
T |
Plantation‡ (a.k.a. Penn 1901) |
1999 |
Pennington Seeds |
T |
Pride‡ |
|
|
T |
Prospect |
|
|
T |
Prosper‡ |
|
|
F |
Pure Gold‡ |
|
|
T |
Pyramid |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
F |
|
Quest |
2001 |
J.R. Simplot- Jacklin Seed |
T |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
T |
|
Rebel‡ |
1980 |
Lofts Seed |
T |
Rebel 2000 |
|
|
T |
Rebel 3D |
1992 |
Lofts Seed |
T |
Rebel Exeda |
|
|
T |
Rebel II‡ |
1986 |
Lofts Seed |
T |
Rebel III |
|
|
T |
Rebel IV |
|
|
T |
Rebel Jr.‡ |
1989 |
Lofts Seed |
T |
Rebel Pro |
|
|
T |
Rebel Sentry‡ |
|
|
T |
Redcoat |
|
|
T |
Regiment‡ |
|
|
T |
Regiment II |
|
|
T |
Reina‡ |
|
|
F |
Rembrandt‡ |
1998 |
Lebanon Seaboard |
T |
Rendition |
|
|
T |
Renegade |
|
|
T |
Reserve |
|
|
T |
Retu‡ |
|
|
F |
Richmond |
1987 |
Cascade International Seeds, Johnathan Green & Sons |
T |
Riverside |
|
|
T |
Rustifina‡ |
|
|
|
Rustinera‡ |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
1991 |
Turf-Seed |
T |
|
Safe |
|
|
F |
Samantha‡ |
|
|
F |
Samson‡ |
|
|
T |
Sapphire‡ |
|
D.J. Van Der Have |
T |
Savoy‡ |
|
|
T |
Scoperta‡ |
|
|
F |
Scorpion‡ |
|
|
T |
Seine‡ |
|
|
F, T |
Select |
|
|
F |
Shelby‡ |
|
|
|
Shenandoah |
1990 |
R.J. Peterson Enterprises |
T |
Shenandoah II |
|
|
T |
Sheridan (a.k.a. NA-TDD) |
2004 |
Novel Ag |
T |
Shortstop‡ |
1989 |
Pickseed West |
T |
Shortstop II |
|
|
T |
Signia |
|
|
T |
Silverado‡ |
1989 |
Turf-Seed |
T |
Silverado II |
2004 |
Turf-Seed, Inc. |
T |
Silverstar‡ |
|
|
T |
Sinfonia‡ |
|
|
T |
Soni‡ |
|
|
|
Sopline‡ |
|
|
F |
Southeast |
1999 |
University of Georgia |
T |
Southern Choice‡ |
|
|
T |
Southern Choice II |
2002 |
McCarthy Research Farm |
T |
Southern Comfort‡ |
|
|
T |
Southern Cross |
1984 |
Snow Brand Seed |
F |
Southland |
|
|
|
SR 8200‡ |
1990 |
Seed Research of Oregon |
T |
SR 8210‡ |
|
|
T |
SR 8250 |
|
|
T |
SR 8300‡ |
1992 |
Seed Research of Oregon |
T |
SR 8550 |
|
|
T |
SR 8600‡ |
|
|
T |
SRX 8V9 |
|
|
|
SRX MO94 |
|
|
|
Stag |
|
|
F |
Stagecoach |
|
|
|
Starfire |
2003 |
Radix Research, DLF/Jenks |
T |
Stargrazer |
1993 |
FFR |
F |
Starlet‡ |
|
|
T |
Stef |
|
Poznan Plant Breeding |
F |
Stetson |
|
|
T |
Stockman |
2002 |
FFR |
F |
Stonewall |
|
|
T |
Strand‡ |
|
|
T |
Stronger‡ |
|
|
|
Sunpro |
|
|
T |
Sura‡ |
|
|
F |
Susana‡ |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
2004 |
Columbia Seeds, Cascade Int. Seed |
T |
|
Talent‡ |
|
|
T |
Talisman‡ |
|
|
T |
Tangaroa‡ |
|
|
F |
Tanit‡ |
|
|
F |
Tar Heel‡ |
1996 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Tar Heel II‡ |
|
|
T |
Tarmena‡ |
|
|
|
Taurus |
1989 |
Turf Merchants |
T |
Tempest |
2002 |
McCarthy Research Farm |
T |
Tempo |
1983 |
Barenbrug/Normarc |
T |
Terros‡ |
|
|
F |
TF-931 |
|
|
|
Tenacity |
2003 |
University of Georgia |
T |
Teton |
|
|
F |
TF66 |
2001 |
Barenbrug |
T |
TF8503 |
|
|
F |
Thoroughbred‡ |
|
|
T |
Thunderbird |
1989 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Tima‡ |
|
|
|
Tip |
|
|
|
Tipton |
|
|
|
Titan‡ |
1987 |
Seed Research of Oregon |
T |
Titan 2‡ |
|
|
T |
Titan LTD‡ |
|
|
T |
Titanium |
|
|
T |
Tomahawk‡ |
1989 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Tomahawk GT |
2000 |
|
T |
Tomahawk RT‡ |
|
|
T |
Tomcat |
|
Clemson University |
T |
Torpedo‡ |
|
|
T |
Total |
|
|
|
Tracer |
2001 |
Barenbrug |
T |
Tradition |
1987 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Trailblazer‡ |
1986 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Trailblazer II |
1989 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Tribute‡ |
1988 |
Lofts Seed |
T |
Trident |
|
|
T |
Tulsa‡ |
|
|
T |
Tulsa II |
|
|
T |
Turnberry |
|
|
T |
Tuscany‡ |
|
|
F |
Tuscany II |
2002 |
FFR |
F |
Tuxedo |
|
|
T |
Twilight |
1991 |
Turf Merchants |
T |
Back to Top | |||
1990 |
Barenbrug/Normarc |
T |
|
Velocity |
|
|
T |
Venus‡ |
|
|
F |
Veranda |
|
|
T |
Verdant‡ |
|
|
F |
Virtue |
1990 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Vio‡ |
|
|
F |
Vulcan‡ |
|
|
F |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
T |
|
Watchdog |
|
|
T |
Wildcat |
|
|
T |
Wildfire |
|
|
T |
Willamette‡ |
1985 |
Willamette Seed and Grain |
F |
Winchester |
1986 |
Rutgers Univ., Pure Seed Testing |
T |
Winchester II |
1992 |
McCarthy-Burlingham Research |
T |
Wolfpack‡ |
1997 |
Pure Seed Testing |
T |
WPEZE |
2000 |
Western Productions |
T |
Wrangler‡ |
1987 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
Wrangler II |
1996 |
Jacklin Seed |
T |
WVPB-TF-DLF-1 |
|
|
|
WX3-275 |
|
|
T |
Wyatt |
|
|
T |
Back to Top | |||
|
|
F |
|
|
|
T |
† T, turf; F, forage.
‡ Eligible for certification according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) seed schemes.
§ AES, Agricultural Experiment Station.
<--Choosing a Tall Fescue Cultivar |